Yet during his provincial government, and later when he held the office of consul, he had shown vigour and capacity for affairs. His reckless freedom of speech, being regarded as frankness, procured him popularity. He spent his days in sleep, his nights in attending to his official duties or in amusement, that by his dissolute life he had become as famous as other men by a life of energy, and that he was regarded as no ordinary profligate, but as an accomplished voluptuary. Tacitus gives this account of Petronius in his historical work the Annals (XVI.18): His relationship to Nero was apparently akin to that of a fashion advisor. Later, he became a member of the senatorial class who devoted himself to a life of pleasure. "Nero Persecutes The Christians, 64 A.D.," EyeWitness to History, (2000).Tacitus, Plutarch and Pliny the Elder describe Petronius as the elegantiae arbiter (also phrased arbiter elegantiarum), "judge of elegance", in the court of the emperor Nero.
For this cause a feeling of compassion arose towards the sufferers, though guilty and deserving of exemplary capital punishment, because they seemed not to be cut off for the public good, but were victims of the ferocity of one man."Ĭarrington, Phillip, The Early Christian Church (1957) Davis, William Stearns, Readings In Ancient History (1913) Duruy, Victor, History of Rome and the Roman People, vol V (1883). Nero offered his own garden players for the spectacle, and exhibited a Circensian game, indiscriminately mingling with the common people in the dress of a charioteer, or else standing in his chariot. In their very deaths they were made the subjects of sport: for they were covered with the hides of wild beasts, and worried to death by dogs, or nailed to crosses, or set fire to, and when the day waned, burned to serve for the evening lights. Accordingly first those were arrested who confessed they were Christians next on their information, a vast multitude were convicted, not so much on the charge of burning the city, as of "hating the human race." Christus, the founder of that name, was put to death as a criminal by Pontius Pilate, procurator of Judea, in the reign of Tiberius, but the pernicious superstition - repressed for a time, broke out yet again, not only through Judea, - where the mischief originated, but through the city of Rome also, whither all things horrible and disgraceful flow from all quarters, as to a common receptacle, and where they are encouraged. "Therefore, to stop the rumor, he falsely charged with guilt, and punished with the most fearful tortures, the persons commonly called Christians, who were hated for their enormities. Tacitus was a young boy living in Rome during the time of the persecutions. The following account was written by the Roman historian Tacitus in his book Annals published a few years after the event. The ghastly way in which the victims were put to death aroused sympathy among many Romans, although most felt their execution justified.
As many of the religious sect that could be found were rounded up and put to death in the most horrific manner for the amusement of the citizens of Rome. The emperor ordered the arrest of a few members of the sect who, under torture, accused others until the entire Christian populace was implicated and became fair game for retribution. In order to deflect these accusations and placate the people, Nero laid blame for the fire on the Christians. The people accused the Emperor Nero for the devastation claiming he set the fire for his own amusement. In the summer of 64, Rome suffered a terrible fire that burned for six days and seven nights consuming almost three quarters of the city. These views provoked suspicion among the Jewish authorities who rejected the group and fear among the Roman authorities who perceived these sentiments as a threat to the Empire.
Members of this religious sect spoke of the coming of a new kingdom and a new king. A generation after the death of Christ, Christianity had reached Rome in the form of an obscure offshoot of Judaism popular among the city's poor and destitute.